Shell filling and loading machine.



Hi TALLBY. SHELL FILLING AND LOADING MACHINE. Arrmouxon FILED Aug. 13,1912.

1,083,771. Patented Jan.6,1914. I

4 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

IN VEN T OR I 7 Attorney H. TALLEY.

SHELL FILLING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 13, 1912.

4 sums-sum 2.

. NNHNNN Patented Jam 6,1914.

WITNESSES INVENTOR @WMt/omey H. TALLEY.

SHELL FILLING AND LOADING MACHINE.

, APPLICATION FILED AUG. 13, 1912. 1,083,771 Patented Jan. 6, 1914:.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

[N VEN TOR H. TALLEY. SHELL FILLING AND LOADING MAGHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 13, 1912.

Patented Jan. 6, 1914.

1N VEN TOR Alfarney UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.-

HERBEBT TALLEY OI J'OPLIN, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO INDEPENDENT POWDERCOMPANY, OF JOPLIN, MISSOURL A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

SHELL FILLING AND LOADING MACHINE.

Original application filed April 19, 1912,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERBERT TALLEY, a citizenof the United States, residing at J oplin, county of Jasper, and Stateof Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ShellFilling and Loading Machines, of which the following is a specification.I

This invention relates to shell filling and loading machines.

The present application is a division of my application on shell fillingand closing machmes, Serial No. 691825, filed April 19, 1912.

The present invention has for its objects the provision of novel meansfor automatically loading material, particularly plastic.

explosives such as gelatin dynamite, into paper cartridges or shells bywhich safeguards will be provided against undue or too rapidly appliedpressure in forcing the explosive into the shells and also providing forthe relatively rapid return of the parts to normal position after thefilling operation has been consummated.

In carrying out the invention, 1 provide novel motive fluid pressureoperated means, and novel controlling mechanism therefor, whereby theparts are placed in loading position by a more or less gradual movementas contradistinguished from a quick or abrupt movement, and, further,the extrusion or forcing of the explosive into the shells is initiatedand continued in an even and regular, but not abrupt, manner, wherebytoo sudden or undue pressure on the explosive is prevented duringloading and relatively quick return of the parts to normal position isinsured, such mechanism preferably embracing, first, a bodily movablefeeder or loader, means for operatingthe feeder or loader independent ofits bodily movement, and means for moving it into or out of loadingposition; second, controlling and master or operated valves adapted tocooperate in a new manner to regulate and control the access to andrelief of motive fluid pressure from the loading mechanism; third, acontrolling valve and means whereby it is automatically operated by themovement of the loading mechanism; fourth, a relief valve and meanswhereby it is automatically operated by the movement of the loadingmechanism, wherebythe density of the ex- 7 Specification of LettersFatent.

plosive loaded into the shells is regulated; fifth, a novel controllingsystem for the motive fluid pressure whereby the loading mechanism 15advanced and set into operat1on in a relatively slow manner but withoutundue delay in operation and is relatively quickly returned after theloading operation has been carried out; and, further,

in various features, mechanisms, pipe connections and valves arranged tocarry out the objects of the invention as will more fully appearhereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is an elevation; Fig. 2, anelevation taken at the left of Fig. 1, certain parts being in sectionand broken away; Flg. 3, a detail view of the pilot and master valvesand their connections; Fig. 4:, a diagrammatic view of the differentmechanisms and the fluid pressure operating and controlling systemtherefor, and Fig. 5, a detail view of a certain locking device.

Patented Jan. 6,1914.

Serial No. 691,825. Divided and this application fllod August 18, 1912.Serial No. 714,859.

The frame consists mainly of uprights l and a yoke 2. Slidable on theuprights 1 is a carriage 3, the lower part of which carriesa feed hopper4 which has an extended or elongated mouth 5'so that the explosive canbe fed thereto and a quantity be ready for admission to the hopper asthe piston makes its successive strokes. Attached to the bottom of thehopper 4 are nipples or nozzles 6. These are preferably carried by asingle removable end or head which is detachably connected to the lowerend of the hopper. These nipples are adapted for insertion into thepaper shells which are commonly employed for containing the gelatindynamite which the machine is adapted to load. The nipples 6 are groupedin as great a number as desired, the number corresponding to the numberof shells-adapted to be held by the shell holder or shuttle and to theposition of the shells therein.

The cylinder 7 is carried by carriage 3. Operable therein is a piston 8whose rod or plunger 9 carries a forcing piston or plunger 10 adapted tooperate in the hopper i and to fit it. As the piston or plunger 10advances in the hopper 4, it forces the plastic explosive gelatindynamite out through the nipples or nozzles 6 and into the shells. Thepiston or plunger rod 9 carries a crosshead 11 which is-f'slidable onthe sleeves of carriage 3, the said cross-head and piston pistons beingconnected by rods 14 to the cross-headll. The pistons 13 have a loosefit in the cylinders 12 so that the oil contained in the cylinders 12may gradually flow from one side of the piston to the other, thisarrangement constituting an oil check whichever way the piston 8 ismoving. To equalize the flow of the oil and the resistance of thepistons 13, the cylinders 12 may be connected by a pipe 15.

Carried by the yoke 2, is an operating cylinder 16 in which moves apiston 17 whose piston rod 18 is connected to-the carriage 3 in anysuitable manner, the piston rods 9 and 18 being preferably inalin'ement. Oil checks embodying cylinders 19, pistons 20 and rods 21connecting said pistons 20 to the carriage 3, serve as an oil check toprevent too abrupt upward or downward movements of the carriage 3 by thepiston 17 and its rod 18. The piston 17 is adapted to move the carriage3 downwardly to position the nipples 6 in the shells prior to theextrusion of theexplosive gelatin from the hopper 4 by the piston 10which is operated by piston 8.

Preferably the carriage 3 and all parts carried thereby arecounterpoised, so as to minimize the air or other motive fluid pressurerequired to operate them. Such counterweight-ing may be convenientlyaccomplished by providing'a shaft 22 secured to or mounted on theuprights land secured to or mounted on said shaft are sheaves 23 overwhich run cables 24 connected to the carriage 3 and provided with asuitable weight 25.

Rotatably mounted in or on the uprights 1 is a shell carrier 26 which isadapted for rotation to move the shell holders or shuttles 27 to theirdifferent positions. Suitable means may be provided to catch the closedand completed shells dumped from the lowermost shuttle 27, but I preferto employ a rotatable table 28 which may be conveniently mounted on oneof the uprights 1 for the reception of succeeding batches of filled andclosed shells and the even distribution over its surface of the shellsso that they may be conveniently and regularly removed by' hand.

The mechanisms now to be described may be mounted in any preferredposition but,

ver being pulled in one direction preferably, the trip mechanism and thepilot valve are disposed on the framel or oke 2 in position forconvenient trippingan manual control. v

At 107 is disclosed a four-way pilot valve which controls the operationof the entire machine. Air pressure from any suitable source is suppliedto the valve casing by- "pipe 108;.109 is an exhaust branch for the withthe four-way valve 107 and the'opposite end a pipe connection 112 withsaid,

valve 107. A lever 113 is carried by the valve and adapted for operatingit, said leby a spring 114 and adapted to be pulled in the oppositedirection by hand or through the intervention of a cord or chain 115 ifdisposed out of convenient reach of the operator. The spring 114maintains the valve 107- in such position that air will exhaust fromcylinder 110 through pipes 112'and 109 and will be admitted from supplypipe 108 to pipe 111.

At 116 is a four-way master valve which is operated by a piston 117 incylinder 110 and a piston rod 118 connected to said valve. A suitabledash-pot 119 is connected to piston rod 118. When the parts are in theposition set forth the supply of air through the pipe 111 mamtainspiston 117 in such position that the four-way master valve 116 is sopositioned that all the mechanisms are re.- tracted so as to be ready toperform their respective functions. I

At 120 is a latch which has an offset end 121 adapted to lock the end122 of lever 113 (Fi 5) when said lever is raised by pulling on t e cord115 against the action of spring 114. The latch 120 is maintained inposition after looking lever 113 by a spring 123. The latch 120 may bemoved in opposition to spring 123 to release lever 113 if engagedtherewith by a cord 124. The carriage 3 carries a trip 125 which isadapted .to engage the latch 120 on the return of the carriage to itsraised position after the shells in the shuttle have been filled, andthe lever 113 being engaged with the .part 121 during the previousoperation of the machine, is thereupon released so that the lever 113resumes its normal position, placing the diflerent cylinders incommunication with their exhausts. e

Referring to diagrammatic Fig. 4, the arrangement of the cylinders,their piping, valves and controlling mechanisms are therein disclosed.The spaces above the pistons 8 and 17 are connected to master valve 116by pipes 126, the valve placing these pipes in communication with theexhaust 128 ofzthe master valve when the'parts are in normal position.The spaces below pistons 8 and 17 have pipe connections 129 and 130,both communicatlng with the pipe 131 which lea s to the master valve116. At a suitable point in the pipe 126 is a pressure checking valve132 of any preferred typ which momental-11y cuts down the pressureentering pipm 126 from the feed pipe 108 so that a too suddenapplication of pressure to the pis ns 8 and 17. will be prevented as itwould result in too abrupt descent of the carriage 3 and too alarm tforcing of the explosive into the shells. n the pipe 131 there isintroduced a check valve l33-whieh peremits a slow exhaust from thecylinders 7 and 16 below the pistons 8 and 17 thereof when the air isexhausting as the pistons are descending, or, a rapid supply of pressurewhen it is introduced via pipe 129 into the lower end of said cylinder16 to raisethe piston therein, thus providing for a quick lifting actionof the carriage '3. In the pipe 130 there is provided a pressurereducing valve 134: which, while suitably reducing the pressure, permitsa comparatively quick introduction of pressure through pipe 130 be lowthe piston 8 sothat it may be comparatively; quickly returned upwardlyafter the shells have been loaded. A valve 135 in a by-pass pipe 136permits only an exhaust of the pressure from below the piston 8; whenthe latter is descending to force the explosive into the shells. Thisvalve, bychecking the exhaust from below piston 8 to a suitable extent,prevents too rapid descent of the piston 8 when the'shells are beingfilled.

, The pipe 126 is provided with a three-way valve 155 which controlssaid pipe and also an exhaust pipe 156 having a relief valve 157. Thevalve 157 may be of any preferred type which is adapted to be set toopen at any predetermined pressure. The valve 155 is automaticallyoperated by a rod 158 having stops 159 and 160 and it is arranged sothat a bracket 161 on the carriage 3 is adapted to engage the stops 159and 160 at different points. Pressure having been admitted into the ipe126, the carriage 3 is forced downwar y by iston 17 to position thenipples 6 in the she ls. The piston 8 is also forced downwardly bypressure in pipe 126 so that the plunger 10 presses the explosive intothe shells. At the proper point of movement, the bracket 161 strikes thestop 160, thereupon turning the valve 155 to release the pressure fromabove the piston 17 into the pipe 156. The valve 157 ,..according to thepressure at which it has been set to let off, determines the density ofthe explosive gelatin or other material forced into the shells becausethe carriage 3 will remain down until it is forced upwardly by thereactive pressure of the. explosive in the shells, as" the shells arefilled by the plunger 10. Eventually the lift of the carriage caused bythe reactive pressure of the explosive on the plungerlO due to thefilling of the shells causes the trip 125 to strike the latch 120 andpress it aside, thereby releasing the lever 118 whose spring 114immediately snaps it to its normal position, whereupon the air pressurefrom pipe 108 passesthrough the pilot valve 107 into pipe 111, resultingin the master valve 116 being reversed. The reversal of'the master valvecauses the air to pass into pipes 129 and 131 and also into pipe 130.The carriage is thereupon raised to its full height by the admission ofair under the piston 17 and the bracket 161 strikes the stop 159,thereby returning the three-way valve 155 to its normal position whereit is adapted to permit pressure, when entering pipe 126, to pass to thecylinder 16 on the next operation of the machine. The access of pressurethrough pipe 130, forces the piston 8 ulpwardly. This movementis asubstantial y quick return movement.

On pulling the cord-115 or moving the lever 113 to latch it at 121,operations such as previously set forth ensue. The master valve 116 isreversed, the air is admitted into pipes 126 at checked pressure,whereby the carriage is forced downward by piston 17 to POSltlOIl' thenipples in the empty shells. The piston 8 also forces the plunger 10into the hopper 4, forcing out the explosive into the shells.

The parts being in thepositions indicated,

the rising of the carriage due to the reac-.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire'tosecure by Let-' ters Patent, is

1. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a shell holder, of abodily movable operable feeding means adapted for loading the shells inthe holder, means for operating said feeding means independent of itsbodily movement aforesaid, and means for bodily moving the feeding meansto position said means for the performance of the loading operation. i

2. In a shell lo-ading machine, the combination with a shell holder, ofa movably mounted feeding hopper,-a piston movable in said hopperindependently'of the movement of the hopper itself, means for moving thehopper, and means for operating the piston, whereby the hopper may bepositioned for the feeding of the materlal to the shells and for thematerial to be forced from the hopper into the shells.

3. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a shell holder, of afluid pressure operated motor, operable feedin means mounted for bodilymovement of 'sai motor, and another fluid pressure operated motoradapted for causing the feeding means aforesaid to carry on the feedingoperation.

4. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a shell holder of acarriage, a feeding hopper carried thereby, a motive fluid pressurecylinder and piston carried by the carriage, an extrudin plungeroperated thereby which is adapte to operate in the feeding hopper, and apiston and cylinder for moving the carriage.

5. In a shell loading machine, the combination with fluid pressureoperated feeding means, of a controlling valve for the fluid pressuretherefor, and means for automatically operating said valve by thefeeding means.

6. In a shell loading machine, the combination with movably mountedfeeding means, of a fluid pressure operated motor for moving saidfeeding means, a controlling valve for the fluid pressure therefor, andmeans for o erating said valve'by the movement or shi ting of thefeeding means.

7. Ina shell loading machine, the combination with a shiftable feeder,of a fluid pressure operated motor for shifting said feeder, ahand-operable valve controlling the fluid pressure therefor, whereby thefeeder may be made to move in one direction, and means for moving thevalve by the movement of the feeder;

8. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a shell holder, of afeeder movable toward and away from the shell-holder, a fluid pressureoperated motor for shifting said feeder,acontrolling valve for the fluidpressure for said motor, and means operated by,the feeder as itretreatsdue to the re active pressure of the material being loaded into theshells which is adapted to cause operation of said controlling valve.

9. In a shell loading machine, the combination with an upright frame, ofa carriage slidable up and down thereon, a hopper mounted on thecarriage and provided with extrusion nipples, a cylinder on thecarriage, a piston operating in the cylinder, a plunger connected to thepiston and adapted tooperate in the-hopper, and means for raising andlowering the carriage.

10. In a shell loading machine,the combination with an upright frame, ofa carriage slidable up and down on-said frame, a hopper mounted on thecarriage and provided with extrusion nipples, a cylinder mounted on thecarriage, a piston operating in the cylinder, a plunger connected to thecylinder.

and adapted to operate in the hopper, a cross-head connected to theplunger stem and having parts slidable on the movable frame aforesaid.

11.-In a shell loading machine, the comsure operated means for shiftingsaid extruding device, and fluid checks for controlling the movement ofthe extruding devlce to prevent such movement from being too abrupt.

12. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a shiftablecarriage, of a hopper carried thereby having an extrusion mouth, anextruding device adapted to 0perate in the hopper, fluid pressureoperated means adapted to shift the carriage to and fro, and a fluidcheck adapted to prevent too abrupt movement of the carriage.

13. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a feeder, of aiston and cylinder for operating the fee er, means for. supplyingcompressed air to the cylinder on both sides of the piston, whereby itmay be moved in either direction which includes a valve common to bothof said air supplying means adapted when admitting air to one side ofthe piston to cause its exhaust from the other side thereof.

14. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a feeder, of apiston and cylinder for operating the feeder, means for supplyingcompressed air to the cylinder on both sides of the piston, whereby itmay be moved in either direction which includes a valve common to bothof said air suppyling means adapted when admitting air to one side ofthe piston to cause its exhaust from 'the other side thereof, a fluidpressure motor for operating said valve, and a pilot valve controllingsaid fluid pressure motor.

15. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a feeder, of apiston and cylinder for operating tlre feeder, means for supplyingcompressed air to the cylinder on both sides of the piston, whereby itmay be moved in either direction which includes a valve common to bothof said air supplying 'means adapted when admitting air to one side ofthe piston to cause its exhaust from the other side thereof, a fluidpressure motor for operating said valve, a pilot valve controlling saidfluid pressure motor, and means operated by the feeder when the shellshave been loaded adapted to automatically operate the pilot valve.

16. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a feeder mountedfor movement as an entirety, of an extruding devicefor the feeder whichis movable independsaid or for exhausting the pressure from either sideof the respective pistons aforesaid, and means for controlling thesupply and exhaust of the pressures aforesaid.

18. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a feeder mountedfor movement as an entirety, of an extruding device for the feeder wh1chis movable independently of the bodily movement of the feeder, a pistonand cylinder adapted for bodily shifting the feeder, another piston. andcylinder adapted for op erating the extruding device, Ineansforsupplying fluid pressure to either side of the respective pistonsaforesaid or for exhausting the pressure from either side of therespective pistons aforesaid which includes a valve common to all ofsaid supplying and'exhausting means whereby fluid pressure may besupplied to the respective pistons or exhausted therefrom, a fluidpressure operated device for moving the valve aforesaid, a pilot valvecontrolling said fluid pressure operated device, and means operated bythe sh'ifting'of the feeder adapted for operating said pilot valve. 19.In a shell loading machine, the combination with a feeder, of a fluidpressure operated device for operating the feeder, and

controllin means for the fluid pressure andexhaust a apted to reduce orcut down the fluid pressure utilized to start the feeding.

operationand to allow a quick and full application of the fluid pressureutilized to restore the feeder to inoperative position.

20. In a. shell loading machine, the combination with a movable feeder,of a piston and cylinder adapted for operating said feeder, pipescommunicating with the cylinder on opposite sides of the piston, acontrolling valve, and check valves arranged in the pipes so that achecked or slow and reduced fluid pressure is applied'to the piston whenutilized to start the feeder in operation and adapted to slowly let offor exhaust any opposing fluid pressure, on the one hand, and, on theother hand, to quickly supply fluid pressure to the piston and toquickly let off or exhaust any opposing fluid pressure when thecontrolling valve is arranged -to admit pressure to return the feeder tonormal position.

21. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a shiftable feeder,of a piston and cylinder for shifting said feeder to positidn it forloading the shells, a relief valve for the cylinder adapted to be set tooperate at any predetermined pressure to thereby regulate the'density ofthe material loaded into the shells, and a controlling valve for openingor cutting off communication between the relief valve and the cylinder,and means for automatically actuating said controlling valve.

22. In a shell loading machine, the combination with a bodily movablefeeder, of a piston and cylinder for moving said feeder bodily, a pistonand cylinder for operating bodily, means controlling the supply-of fluidpressure tothe respecttye cylinders, a relief the feeder. independentlyof its movement I v valve for the cylinder that is adapted to bodilyshift the feeder, said-relief valve being adapted to be set to let offat any predetermined pressure, a controlling valvefor' opening orcutting off communication between the relief valve and its cylinder, andan operative connection between said relief valve andthe bodily movablefeeder, whereby the ad Vance or retreat of the bodily movable feeder.

causes operation offsaid controlling valve. i

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

HERBERT TALLEY.

Witnesses RICHARD MARTIN, WALTER. THOMAS.

